Writing Skills Very Short Question Answers Study Notes

6. Answering Questions: The effectiveness of presentation is also affected by speaker’s skill in baning questions asked at the end of presentation. A speaker who answers the audience questions with tact is likely to influence the audience more.

Q.23. What do you mean by sales presentation vescribe the various stages of sales presentation.

Ans. Sales Presentation: In sales presentation, salesman’s objective is too s about the qualities and benefits of the product with the help of various audio visual aids. Such kind of presentation motivates the prospective customer to buy the products. About 30% time 01

ation is taken for describing the qualities of the product and about 70% time is taken for satisfying the queries of the customers. Effective sales presentation is taken for describing the qualities of the product and about 70% time is taken tor satisfying the queries of the customers. Effective sales presentation depends on the following facts:

1. Presentation should be prompt and clear.

2. It should specify the distinct qualities of product.

3. It should be appealing.

4. Suitable tests should be conducted for proving the qualities of the product.

Sales presentation can be divided into two parts:

1. Persuasive Presentation: This presentation is meant to persuade the customers to buy the seller’s products or services. A demonstration of the merchandise and giving the related information to the consumers is the best style of a persuasive presentation Keeping in mind the requirements and the aspirations of the consumers, the seller should attempt to win over the hearts of the consumers and thus, the seller’s objective to get a favourable reaction from the audience, is achieved.

2. Goodwill Presentation: The purpose of this kind of presentation is to extend a warm welcome, to entertain them and to create a sense of goodwill among the consumers.

Steps or Stages of Sales Presentation

Sales presentation can be completed in the following steps:

1 Introduction: In this stage selling motivates his customers to buy the product. It contain elements:

(a) Start: It is done by the preliminary language through which the prospective buyers are addressed with honour.

(b) Objectives: The purpose is clarified through this in which the seller present his options in front of audience and prospective buyer.

(C) Draft: The prospective buyers are told about the main points of presentation.

2. Body: It means with conversation session in which proper evidences are produced in support of central idea. A person can make a request in the following two forms:

(a) Text: In this, the prospective buyers are motivated by touching, seeing, feeling, etc. of the product.

(b) Discussion: In this, the prospective buyers are motivated by savings, economy in time and power, maintenance of a certain level, etc. to buy a product.

3. Arrangement of Audio Visual Aids and their Use: To create interest in the audience, suitable audio visual aids are arranged for the sales presentation. Their proper use helps in creating a positive image of product in the mind of audience.

4. Conclusion: The conclusion of sales representation should be strong and effective as its initiation.

Q.24. Discuss the process adopted in survey methods. What are its advantages and disadvantages?

Ans. Survey Methods: The survey method involves asking variety of questions to respondents. Mostly the questions related to behavioural aspects like perception, attitude, awareness, etc. These questions may be asked verbally or in writing. Nowadays computers are emerging strongly as a convenient tool to ask questions. The data collection can be structured or unstructured. Typically, the questioning is structured which means

A that in data collection, a formal questionnaire is prepared and the questions are asked in a prearranged order. The research survey is a detailed ‘ is classified into direct or indirect, i.e. based on whether the true gathering of information by purpose is known to the respondent (if yes, the research is direct). questionnaires, observations, Means to say a direct approach is non-disguised is that the purpose interview and so forth.’ of the survey is disclosed to the respondent or is otherwise obvious -Barker & Gaut o them. Typically the questionnaire involves questions which have fixed response and the respondents provide their responses by the mark making on any of the responses. The questionnaire may assume any of the other forms also.

Advantages of Survey Method

The advantages of survey methods are listed below:

1. The survey conducted through questionnaire is easy as it is very convenient and easy to administer the questionnaire.

2. Since, the responses are limited to the alternatives stated, the data collected can be assumed to be reliable.

3. The use of fixed response question reduces the variability in the results that may be caused by

differences in interviewers.

Coding, analysis and interpretation of data are relatively simple.

Disadvantages of Survey Method

The disadvantages of survey methods are given below:

1. Respondent may be unable or unwilling to provide the desired information (one reason for this is the fixed alternatives for the questions).

2. Respondents may be reluctant or unwilling to respond if the information requested is sensitive or personal.

3. For some questions, choosing fixed alternatives may be very cumbersome

4 There can be large number of fixed alternatives which may pose confusion to respondent.

5. Wording question properly is not easy.

Q.25. Write a short note on questionnaire.

Ans. Questionnaire is a method of collection of primary data. In this method, data is obtained by asking questions to people. Investigator prepares a list of questions to esant of questions to be asked from different persons to collect required data. Questions are designed in the manner that all relevant and necessa on may be collected and all the points of problem may be studied. Generally, questionnaires information may be collected and all the points of problem may be studied. Generally, questionnarire is in printed form in which sufficient space is left for answer, questionnaire may be of two types:

1. Questionnaire to be Filled in by Informants: Under this method, questionnaire is to be filled by informants themselves. It is sent to them through post or any other media. They have to reply the questions and return the questionnaire duly filled into the investigator.

2. Questionnaire to be Filled in by Enumerators: Under this method, enumerators establish personal contact with informants. They ask all the questions from them and fill the questionnaire themselves. This method is more reliable and effective. In our country, population census is done by this method.

Questions that may be Asked Through Questionnaire

1. Closed Questions: Closed questions are very short answer questions. These may be answered in one word or Yes/No.

For example: Name, Date of Birth, Age, Sex, Nationality, Caste, Family Income, etc.

2. Open Questions: Open questions are the questions which are answered in detail. These questions may require little discussion also.

For example: Measures of satisfying employees adopted in our concern, details of work experience etc.

Rating or Ranked Questions: These are the questions which are to be answered by rating on a defined scale. These questions help in measuring the actual position and feelings of informants.

Essentials of a Good Questionnaire

1. Clarity of Object: Object of questionnaire should be definite and clear. It is necessary that such object should be made clear to informants so as to obtain their full cooperation.

2. Limited Questions: Number of questions should be limited so that the informants may reply these questions easily. Number of questions should not be so large that informants come to feel bore. It should not be so limited that our purpose remains answered.

3. Simple, Short and Specific Questions: Questions should be simple and specific so that the informants may reply them easily, frankly and specifically. The questions should not be long, difficult and with a dual meaning. Uncommon and unrespectful words should not be used.

4. Order of Questions: Questions should be arranged in a systematic manner so that the information collected from different informants may be properly analysed and summarised.

5. No Use of Prohibited Questions: Questions should not hurt the personal and religious feelings of informants. Questions of personal nature should also be avoided as far as possible.

6 Directions: Necessary directions should be given in questionnaire so that the informants may not find any difficulty in replying the questions. How to reply the questions, how to fill in the blanks, at which address should it be sent, by what time should it be sent etc. should be clearly directed.

Q.26. What is a speech? Explain the characteristics of a good speech.

Ans. Speech: Speech is the vocalised form of human communication. Each spoken word is created out of the phonetic combination of a limited set of vowel and consonant speech sound units. These vocabularies, the syntax which structures them and their set of speech sound units, differ creating the existence of many thousands of different types of mutually unintelligible human languages. A gestured form of human communication exists for the deaf in the form of sign language. Speech in some cultures has become the basis of a written language, often one that differs in its vocabulary.

Speech is researched in terms of the speech production and speech perception of the sounds used in spoken language. Other research topics concern speech repetition, the ability to map heard spoken Words into the vocalisations needed to recreate that plays a key role in the vocabulary expansions in children and speech errors. Several academic disciplines study these including acoustics, psychology, speech pathology, linguistics, cognitive science, communication studies, otolaryngology and computer science. The origins of speech are unknown and subject to much debate and speculation.

Characteristics of a Good Speech

The characteristics of good speech are given below:

1. Keep it Brief: A speech should be kept in brief. The speaker must not speaker must not forget that his audience there to hear the person you are introducing, not you. He should consider. He should consider himself the medium between the audience and the speech. The longer the speaker talks, the more impatient our audience will be. It is also important to remember that our gues speaker is primed and ready to go. By delaying his/her appearance with a long-winded introduction, we are leaving our listeners hanging in wait’. For the sake of our audience and our guest, we must keep the introduction short.

2. Use only Accurate Material: Get a brief bio from our speaker hand and stick to the facts. Practice rial out loud so that we are comfortable with our words. Be able to pronounce the individual’s Hanne properly as well as any other information that is pertinent to our presentation. There is nothing worse than listening to someone stumble over pronunciations or words because of lack of knowledge or practice.

3. Adapt the Material to the Audience, the Occasion and the Speaker: Giving personal or private information about the speaker is in poor taste; however, relaying something the speaker said to you in advance, if appropriate to the occasion, would be perfectly permissible, in our m ouction, describe the speaker by giving information that is relevant to the occasion and to our audience. By the same token, if we introduce the same speaker to entire audience for a different event, our introduction would probably be different.

4. Create Anticipation with your Words: Delivering a brief bio on the speaker is certainly appropriate but adding some exciting words about what they will learn, hear, or experience creates anticipation. Another means of creating excitement is to save the speaker’s name to the very end of our introduction. In doing so, we create drama. A dramatic introductory speech is much more exciting than a summary of the individual’s biography.

Q.27. Explain effective presentation skills.

Ans. A presentation will be successful only when the opening of the first phase is clear, concise and attention-arresting which can be different in the following ways:

1. Extemporaneous Speech: In this kind of speech, a speaker notes down on a piece of paper those points which are very important. This habit does not let anything remain unsaid and the rhythm of speech remains consistent and uninterrupted. This type of presentation is preferred by both the speaker as well as the audience.

2. Memorised Speech: When a speech is memorised before it is delivered, the speaker first writes down his speech and then crams it up. From the perspective of proficiency, this method is not so effective because it is feared if some thing is missed or overlooked and if it so happens. the speech is feared to lose its effect.

3. Reading: In this process, the speaker first writes down his complete speech on a piece of paper and then he reads it out to the audience. In sucyh presentations, there is no fear of missing any point but is not so effective because the emphasis on the important aspect is not practically laid down.

4.Impromptu Speech: According to this process, a speaker is made to address the audience without any pre-indication and the speaker does not know any of the past his know any of the past history of the topic nor is he d for this. In such cases, the speaker must be a man of outstanding qualities and extra-ordinary experience.

Thus, there are several kinds of presentations but the best one is the audience and it should also have a degree of spontaneity and the important aspects are motiva also given a due emphasis.

Measures for Developing Effective Presentation Skills

Following are the measures for developing effective presentation skills:

1. Speed of Speech: Every speaker speaks with a varied speech but it should be of a reasonable magnitude, neither too fast nor too slow so that the audience can listen and understand.

2. Volume of Voice: During a presentation, vour voice must reach the audience, otherwise it would be an abortive exercise. The voice should also not be too high that irritates the audience.

3. Pitch of Voice: The pitch of a voice ever keeps fluctuating and never stays constant. A constant pitch can create monotony among the audiences. But the style of adjusting it as per the importance or the topic, keeps the audience engrossed.

4. Sweet Language: A presentation must be made in a sweet voice be it a friend or even an enemy. Thus, the effectiveness of a presentation depends much on the sweetness of Voice.

5. Pronunciation: For making a presentation effective, it is very important to speak with a correct accent. A defective pronunciation can spoil the entire presentation.

Apart from the above, an effective presentation also depends on the use of body language and use of visual aids. Thus, the clarity of language, conciseness, self-confidence, rehearsal and a correct evaluation of the audience expectation, etc. are the fundamental characteristics of a good speaker who can make more improvement in his presentation skill by taking the above factors into consideration.

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